The UPZA is an act which provides the abolition of Zamindari system. Zamindari was a system in which the Zamindars are basically a middle man between the Britishers and farmers. Zamindars were treated as a class. The Zamindars were given a duty to collect the rents but when there is duty there is also a corresponding right.
Since they had a duty to collect the rents and so they also had a right to collect it in whichever manner they like. This right was generally abused by the Zamindars and they were torturing the miserable class, called as farmer. So to curtail this the UPZA was passed to take care of the situation.

Objects and reason of UPZA 

The objects and reasons can be discussed as follows-  Preamble.  Preamble has carved out the main reason of the act. The objects of the Zamindari abolition act are as follows-

1. This act actually abolishes the Zamindari system and intermediaries.

2. To acquire the rights, title and interest.

3. To reform the tenure holding system in the state.

4. Any matter connected therewith.  

The statements and objections were published in the UP gazette on 10th Jun 1949. Apart from these reasons there were other reasons and there were also various objectives of this act.

The objectives are as follows –   

1. To develope village republic.

2. Prohibition of letting and sub – letting

3. To prevent the creation of uneconomic holdings and prohibition on accumulation of large holdings.

4. To vest the land of common utility into Gram Sabha and with wide powers of land management.

5. There were various other motivating factors which led to the creation of this Act. For example First it was necessary to increase the productivity in agriculture. Under the Zamindari abolition the peasants and farmers were not recognised as owners since they were not the owners, they did not have any interest in increasing the fertility of the land and also they can be thrown out any time so they really took no interest in development of the land.

6. Every body must work.

7. The landlordism was British evil. The Zamindari was created by the Britishers and now since Britishers have left, there was no reason to keep the system made by them.

8. The Zamindari was uneconomical to the State. 

9. The Zamindars had betrayed the trust posed on them.

10. The continuance of the Zamindari would have let to the bloody revolution.