Q.1 Give the full form of any ten of the following.
| NO. | WORD | FULL FORM |
|---|---|---|
| A. | NGT | NATIONAL GREEN TRIBUNAL |
| B. | BHIM | BHARAT INTERFACE FOR MONEY |
| C. | FICCI | FEDERATION OF INDIAN CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE |
| D. | NDDB | NATIONAL DAIRY DEVELOPMENT BOARD |
| E. | AIU | ASSCOCIATION OF INDIAN UNIVERSITIES |
| F. | NCR | NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION |
| G. | ASSOCHAM | ASSOCIATED CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY OF INDIA |
| H. | DRDO | DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION |
| I. | IOCL | INDIAN OIL CORPORATION LIMITED |
| J. | SHM | SIMPLE HORMONIC MOTION |
| K. | NYKS | NEHRU YUVA KENDRA SANGHATHAN |
| L. | ADB | ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK |
| M. | ONGCL | OIL AND NATURAL GAS CORPORATION |
| N. | FAQ | FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS |
Q.2. Write the name of famous personalities related with the following. ( any five)
- A. Pamban Island – The most famous person from this island was A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, once the chief of ISRO, and later president of the country.
- B. Siakandara – famous fpr Akbar’s tomb.
- C. Uruvela – Uruvela is now known as Bodh Gaya. It is famous due to Gautam Buddha.
- D. Sasaram – It is famous for Shershah Suri’s tomb.
- E. Pondichery – The Aurobindo Ashram, founded by Sri Aurobindo in 1926, and the experimental township of Auroville, founded by Mirra Alfassa (known as “The Mother”) and designed by architect Roger Anger, are significant spiritual and cultural landmarks in Pondicherry.
- F. Veer Bhumi – “Veer Bhumi” is associated with the memorial site dedicated to the late Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi. The memorial, known as “Veer Bhumi,” is located in New Delhi, India. Rajiv Gandhi, who served as the Prime Minister of India from 1984 to 1989, was assassinated in 1991.
- G. Golden Temple – The Golden Temple, also known as Harmandir Sahib, is a prominent Sikh gurdwara located in Amritsar, Punjab, India. It is the holiest shrine in Sikhism and is associated with Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism, and later with the other Sikh Gurus.
Q.3 Write the names of rivers along with the following places are situated (any five).
- A. Paonta Sahib – Located on the banks of Yamuna river Paonta Sahib is associated with Guru Gobind Singh, the 10th Sikh Guru who lived here for about three years.
- B. Wardha – Wardha is a city located in the state of Maharashtra, India.The Wardha River, also known as the Varada River, is a major river in Vidarbha, Maharashtra, which originates in the Satpura Range and flows into the Wain ganga river to form the Pranhita river which finally joins the Godavari river.
- C. Morbi – Morbi is situated on the Machhu River in the state of Gujarat, India. The Machhu River plays a significant role in the region’s geography and economy.
- D. Nasik – Nasik is situated on the banks of the Godavari River in the state of Maharashtra, India. The Godavari is one of the major rivers in India, and Nashik is a significant city along its course.
- E. Lucknow – Lucknow, the capital city of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, is situated on the banks of the Gomti River. The Gomti River is a major tributary of the Ganges River and is significant for the region’s geography and cultural heritage.
- F. Katihar – Katihar is a city in the state of Bihar, India, and it is situated on the banks of the River Ganges.
- G. Gaya – Gaya, a city in the Indian state of Bihar, is situated on the banks of the Falgu River (also known as the Phalgu River). The Falgu River is a tributary of the River Ganges and is associated with religious and cultural importance in the region.
Q. 4. In which State are the following loacted (any five).
- A. Valley of flowers – The Valley of Flowers is located in the state of Uttarakhand in India. The valley is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is part of the Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve.
- B. Nagarhole National Park – Nagarhole National Park, also known as Rajiv Gandhi National Park, is located in the state of Karnataka, India. It is part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve and is situated in the Western Ghats region.
- C. Kabartal Wetland – Kabartal Wetland is located in the state of Bihar, India. It is situated near the town of Begusarai in the Gangetic plains of Bihar.
- D. Akabar’s Tomb -Akbar’s Tomb, also known as Sikandra, is located in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is situated in Sikandra, a suburb of Agra, which is famous for the iconic Taj Mahal. Akbar’s Tomb is the final resting place of the Mughal Emperor Akbar.
- E. Shalimar Garden – Shalimar Bagh, also known as Shalimar Gardens, is located in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, India. It is a Mughal garden situated on the eastern shore of Dal Lake in Srinagar. The garden was built by the Mughal Emperor Jahangir.
- F. Dakshineswar Mandir – Dakshineswar Kali Temple, commonly known as Dakshineswar Mandir, is located in the state of West Bengal, India. It is situated near Kolkata (Calcutta), on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River. The temple is dedicated to Goddess Kali and is known for its association with the mystic Ramakrishna Paramahamsa, who served as the priest here in the 19th century.
- G. Pindari Glacier – The Pindari Glacier is located in the northern Indian state of Uttarakhand. It is a popular trekking destination and is part of the Kumaon Himalayas in the larger Himalayan mountain range. The glacier is the source of the Pindar River, which eventually merges with the Alaknanda River, a major tributary of the Ganges.
Q. 5 Name the Governor/Lieutenant Governor of following States/Union Territories. (any five)
- A. Tripura – Nallu Indrasena Reddy is an Indian politician from Telangana. He is the current Governor of Tripura.
- B. Punjab – Banwarilal Purohit is an Indian politician who is the current and 29th Governor of Punjab.
- C. Delhi – Shri Vinai Kumar Saxena took over as the 22nd Lieutenant Governor of Delhi.
- D. Rajasthan – Kalraj Mishra is the Governor of Rajasthan since 9 September 2019.
- E. Himachal Pradesh – Shri Shiv Pratap Shukla is the Governor of Himachal Pradesh.
- F. Gujarat – Acharya Devvrat is serving as the current governor of Gujarat.
- F. Manipur – The current and 17th governor of Manipur is Anusuiya Uikey appointed by President Droupadi Murmu on 12 February 2023.
Q. 6 Answer any of the following :
(a) who was Tansen ?
Tansen, also known as Miyan Tansen, was a prominent and legendary musician in the court of the Mughal Emperor Akbar during the 16th century. His full name was Tansen Misra, and he was born in Gwalior.
(b) Who is the founder of Shantiniketan ?
Shantiniketan was founded by the renowned poet, philosopher, and Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore. He established Shantiniketan as an ashram (spiritual retreat) in 1863 and later expanded it into an open-air school.Vishva Bharati University, which evolved from Tagore’s vision for Shantiniketan, is now a central institution for learning and cultural exchange in India.
(c) What is the original name of Mumtaz Mahal ?
The original name of Mumtaz Mahal, the wife of the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan and the inspiration behind the Taj Mahal, was Arjumand Banu Begum. After her marriage to Shah Jahan, she became known as Mumtaz Mahal, meaning “Chosen One of the Palace.” The name “Mumtaz Mahal” reflects the deep affection and love that Shah Jahan had for his wife.
(d) Who discovered the phenomenon of radioactivity ?
The phenomenon of radioactivity was discovered by Henri Becquerel. In 1896, Becquerel, a French physicist, observed that certain uranium salts emitted rays that could penetrate photographic plates and fog the air around them. This accidental discovery laid the groundwork for further research into the properties of these radioactive materials and ultimately led to the development of the field of nuclear physics. Later, Marie and Pierre Curie also made significant contributions to the understanding of radioactivity and the discovery of new radioactive elements.
(e) Who produced the TV serial, ‘Ramayan’ ?
The TV serial “Ramayan” was produced and directed by Ramanand Sagar. “Ramayan” originally aired in 1987-1988 and is a televised adaptation of the ancient Indian epic, the Ramayana.
(f) Who invented oxygen gas ?
Oxygen gas was not “invented” by a single individual; rather, its discovery is attributed to several scientists over time. One of the key contributors to the understanding of oxygen was Joseph Priestley, a British chemist. In 1774, Priestley isolated and characterized oxygen gas by heating mercuric oxide.
Simultaneously, the Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele also discovered oxygen independently.
Later, the French chemist Antoine Lavoisier conducted extensive research on the role of oxygen in combustion and respiration, providing a comprehensive understanding of its properties. Lavoisier is often referred to as the “Father of Modern Chemistry,” and he played a crucial role in advancing the understanding of chemical elements, including oxygen.
(g) What is the name of the Parliament of Nepal?
The Parliament of Nepal is known as the “Federal Parliament” or “संघीय संसद” (Sanghiya Sansad) in Nepali. It is a bicameral legislature and consists of two houses: the House of Representatives (प्रतिनिधि सभा, Pratinidhi Sabha) and the National Assembly (राष्ट्रिय सभा, Rashtriya Sabha). Together, these two houses constitute the Federal Parliament of Nepal.
Q. 7 Explain briefly any of the fallowing :
(a) Jaldoot App –
Ministry of Rural Development has developed “JALDOOT App” that will be used across the country to capture the water level of selected wells in a village. The Jaldoot app will enable Gram Rojgar Sahayak (GRS) to measure the water level of selected wells twice a year (pre-monsoon and post-monsoon). In every village, adequate number of measurement locations (2-3) shall need to be selected. These will be representative of the ground water level in that village.
(b) Sudarshan Shakti, 2023
The Sapta Shakti Command of the Indian Army recently conducted the highly anticipated exercise ‘Sudarshan Shakti 2023’ along the western borders in Rajasthan and Punjab. The exercise aimed to transform the forces into a modern, lean, and agile fighting combination capable of leveraging new-age technologies.
(c) 17th Pravasi Bhartiya DivasSammelan 2023
The 17th PBD Convention was held from 8 – 10 January 2023 in Indore, Madhya Pradesh. The theme of the 17th PBD is “Diaspora: Reliable Partners for India’s Progress in Amrit Kaal”.
9 January commemorates the return of Mahatma Gandhi from South Africa to India in 1915. To mark this day, the tradition of celebrating Pravasi Bharatiya Divas (PBD) started in 2003. 1st PBD Convention was organised on 9 January 2003 to mark the contribution of the overseas Indian community to the development of India.
Since 2015, under a revised format, PBD Convention has been organised once every 2 years.
16 Pravasi Bharatiya Divas Conventions have been organised till date. 16th PBD was conducted in a virtual setting with the theme “Contributing to Aatmanirbhar Bharat” in 2021 during the pandemic.
(d) Collegium of the Supreme Court of India.
The Collegium of the Supreme Court of India consists of 5 senior most Judges including the Chief Justice of India. They will consider the elevation of Chief Justices/Judges of High Court to Supreme Court, elevation of Judges of High Courts as Chief Justices and elevation of Judges. In case of difference of opinion, the majority view will prevail. Since Constitution mandates consultation with the Chief Justice of India is necessary for appointments to judiciary, the collegium model evolved.
(e) Union List
The term “Union List” in the Constitution of India refers to a specific list of subjects on which only the central government has the authority to legislate. This list is one of the three lists in the Seventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution, the other two being the State List and the Concurrent List. The Union List includes subjects of national importance such as defense, foreign affairs, atomic energy, and railways. Only the Parliament of India can make laws on matters enumerated in the Union List, ensuring a clear demarcation of legislative powers between the central government and the state governments.
(f) GDP
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is a key economic indicator that represents the total monetary value of all goods and services produced within a country’s borders during a specific time period. It is often used as a measure of a nation’s economic performance and is a crucial metric for assessing the overall health and size of an economy.
(g) Galvanometer
A galvanometer is an instrument used to detect and measure electric current. It typically consists of a coil of wire mounted in the magnetic field of a magnet, and when an electric current flows through the coil, it experiences a torque due to the interaction between the magnetic field and the current-carrying coil.
Q. 8 Name the authors of any of five of the following books :
| Serial | Name of Books | Name of authors |
|---|---|---|
| (a) | Bravehearts of Bharat | Vikram Sampath |
| (b) | Now You Breathe | Rakhi Kapoor |
| (c) | The Third Pillar | Raghuram Rajan |
| (d) | The Inheritance of Loss | Kiran Desai |
| (e) | A Voice of Freedom | Nayantara Sahgal |
| (f) | Eternal India | Indira Gandhi |
| (g) | Heads and Tails | Maneka Gandhi |
Q. 9. Name the authors of any of the following books :
| Name of Books | Name of author |
|---|---|
| A. Khuman Raso | Dalpati Vijay |
| B. Volga Se Ganga | Rahul Sankrityayan |
| C. Narak Dar Narak | Mamta Kaliya |
| D. Uske Hisse ki Dhoop | Mridula Garg |
| E. Agni Veena | Kazi Nazrul Islam |
| F. Neeti Shatak | Bhartṛhari |
| G.Panchtantra | Vishnu Sharma |
Q. 10- Write Short notes on any five of the following :
(a) Galwan Valley
The Galwan Valley is a region in the Himalayas, located in the Union Territory of Ladakh, in northern India. It gained significant international attention in 2020 due to a border dispute between India and China.
(b) Barat Jodo Yatra
The Congress party undertook the 3,570-km ‘Bharat Jodo Yatra’ that began at Kanyakumari on September 7, 2022, and ended at Srinagar covering 12 States in 150 days. The party’s biggest mass contact programme in the recent times will see 119 leaders, including former party president Rahul Gandhi.
(c) Wagnor Revolt in Russia
The Wagner Group is a Russian paramilitary and private military company that rebelled against the Russian government on June 23, 2023. The rebellion was led by Yevgeny Prigozhin, the founder of the Wagner Group. The rebellion was a result of tensions between the Russian Ministry of Defense and Prigozhin. The rebellion was a serious threat to the Russian state, and Russia came close to a civil war. The rebellion was also a serious challenge to Putin’s rule and Russia’s most serious security crisis since he came to power in 1999.
(d) Uniform Civil Code (UCC)
A Uniform Civil Code (UCC) is a proposed legal framework in India that aims to replace diverse personal laws based on religious practices with a single set of laws governing matters such as marriage, divorce, and inheritance. Mandated by Article 44 of the Indian Constitution’s Directive Principles, the UCC seeks to provide equal treatment to all citizens regardless of religious affiliations. The proposal has sparked debates, with supporters emphasizing gender equality and individual rights, while critics express concerns about cultural and religious autonomy. As of now, India has not implemented a Uniform Civil Code, and discussions on its adoption continue.
(e) Vision 2035
A white paper on Vision 2035 – Public Health Surveillance in India was released by NITI Aayog on December 14, 2020.It is a report provided by an authority that informs the people associated with the issue about its depth and solution. The papers sole objective is to help the readers to solve a problem and make a decision. It defines India’s vision for public health surveillance by integrating the three-tiered public health system into Ayushman Bharat. India’s Vision 2035 for Public Health Surveillance would be successful only if it provides integration within the three-tiered health system. It includes strengthened community-based surveillance, an expanded network of referrals and enhanced laboratory capacity. This will establish India to be a global/regional leader in Public Health Surveillance.
(f) Wind Energy
Wind energy is a form of renewable energy that harnesses the power of the wind to generate electricity. It is a clean and sustainable source of power that has been used for centuries in various ways, such as milling grain or pumping water. In modern times, wind energy is primarily harvested through wind turbines.
Here’s how wind energy works:
- Wind Turbines: Wind turbines are tall structures with large blades that are mounted on a rotor. The rotor is connected to a generator, which converts the rotational energy from the blades into electricity.
- Wind Power Conversion: As the wind blows, it causes the turbine blades to rotate. The kinetic energy of the moving air is then converted into mechanical energy by the spinning rotor.
- Electricity Generation: The mechanical energy is further transformed into electrical energy by the generator, which produces electricity. This electricity can be used to power homes, businesses, or fed into the electrical grid.
(g) Smart City Project
The Smart City Mission in India is an ambitious urban renewal and retrofitting program launched by the Government of India in 2015. The objective is to develop 100 cities across the country to make them citizen-friendly, sustainable, and technologically advanced.
Q. 11 Answer any five of the following.
(a) Which day is observed as International Nurse Day ?
International Nurses Day is observed annually on May 12th. This day holds significance as it marks the birth anniversary of Florence Nightingale, who is often considered the founder of modern nursing.
(b) In which year Patna university was established?
Patna University was established in the year 1917.
(c) How many seats are there in the Bihar Legislative Council?
Bihar Legislative Council has a total of 75 seats, (63 Elected + 12 Nominated).
(d) Which city of Bihar named as Tughlaqpur by Muhammad-bin-Tuglaq ?
During Muhammad Bin Tughlaq rule, Darbhanga was being renamed as Tughlaqpur.
(e) Who was the first governor of Bihar?
Shri Jairamdas Daulatram was appointed as the first Governor of Bihar after India’s Independence.
(f) Which is the cash crop of Bihar?
Sugarcane is the main cash crop of Bihar. Presently Bihar produces 125 lakh MT of sugarcane and it has been estimated that by the year 2022.
(g) Golghar is located in which of Bihar?
The Golghar or Gol Ghar, is a large granary located to the west of the Gandhi Maidan in Patna.
Q. 12 – Answer any five of the following.
(a) What is cloud burst?
A cloud burst is a sudden and intense release of rainfall from a cumulonimbus cloud, often leading to flash floods and rapid inundation of the affected area. This phenomenon occurs when a large volume of water vapor condenses into water droplets within the cloud, creating an excessive amount of precipitation that exceeds the normal capacity of the local drainage systems. The deluge can result in devastating consequences, causing landslides, erosion, and significant damage to infrastructure. Cloud bursts are more prevalent in mountainous regions, where orographic lifting enhances cloud development, leading to concentrated and torrential rainfall within a short duration.
(b) What is green house effect ?
The greenhouse effect is a natural process where certain gases in Earth’s atmosphere trap and retain heat from the sun, preventing it from escaping back into space. These greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, allow sunlight to enter but absorb and re-radiate infrared radiation, warming the planet. While vital for sustaining life by maintaining a habitable temperature, human activities, particularly the burning of fossil fuels, have intensified the greenhouse effect, leading to an enhanced warming known as global warming. This anthropogenic influence contributes to climate change, impacting weather patterns, sea levels, and ecosystems, with far-reaching environmental and societal consequences.
(c) Indian States which touch the border of Bhutan ?
Four Indian states share their borders with Bhutan. These include the North Eastern states of Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, and West Bengal.
(d) What is meant by distillation ?
Distillation is a separation process that utilizes differences in boiling points to purify or concentrate substances in a liquid mixture. In a distillation setup, the mixture is heated to vaporize the component with the lowest boiling point. The vapor is then cooled and condensed back into a liquid, resulting in the separation of different components based on their boiling points. This method is commonly used for purifying liquids, separating components in chemical processes, and producing high-purity substances like distilled water or alcoholic beverages. Distillation is a fundamental technique in chemistry and industry for obtaining purified substances from complex mixtures.
(e) In summer one should not wear black clothes. Explain why.
Wearing black clothes in summer is generally discouraged because black absorbs more sunlight and heat compared to lighter colors. The color of an object is determined by the wavelengths of light it reflects or absorbs. Dark colors, like black, absorb a broader spectrum of light, including the sun’s infrared radiation, causing the material to heat up. This absorption and retention of heat can make the person feel warmer and uncomfortable in hot weather.
Lighter colors, on the other hand, reflect more sunlight and are better at keeping the body cool as they do not absorb as much heat. They allow for better heat dissipation and can help in maintaining a more comfortable body temperature during hot summer days.
(f) Explain the strategic mineral.
Strategic minerals, also known as critical minerals or strategic materials, are natural resources that play a crucial role in a country’s economic and national security due to their essential applications in various industries, technology, and defense. These minerals are considered strategically important because of their scarcity, importance in key technologies, and the potential geopolitical risks associated with their supply.
Examples of strategic minerals include rare earth elements (used in electronics and clean energy technologies), lithium (critical for batteries), uranium (used in nuclear power and weapons), and others. Access to a stable and diverse supply of these minerals is vital for a nation’s ability to maintain its economic competitiveness, technological innovation, and national defense capabilities. As a result, securing a sustainable and diversified supply chain for strategic minerals is a priority for many countries.
(g) Why are rainbows formed ?
Rainbows are formed when sunlight is refracted, reflected, and dispersed in water droplets in the atmosphere, typically after a rain shower. The process involves the following steps:
Refraction: Sunlight is composed of different colors with varying wavelengths. When sunlight encounters a raindrop, the light is refracted or bent as it enters the droplet.
Reflection: Once inside the raindrop, the light undergoes internal reflection off the inner surface of the droplet. This reflection causes the light to bounce around inside the droplet.
Dispersion: The light is dispersed or spread out into its individual colors due to the varying wavelengths. This separation of colors is a result of the different angles at which light of different colors exits the raindrop.
Multiple Reflections: The dispersed light undergoes multiple reflections inside the raindrop, enhancing the separation of colors.
Exit of Light: Finally, the refracted, reflected, and dispersed light exits the raindrop, creating a circular arc of colors in the sky.
Q. 13 – The following sports persons are connected with which game/ sport (any ten)
(a) Lakshya Sen – Badminton Player
(b) Deep Grace Ekka – Hockey Player
(c) Sagar Kailas ovalkar – Mallakhambh
(d) Manasi Girish Joshi – Manasi Girishchandra Joshi is an Indian para-badminton player.
(e) Sanket Sargar – Weightlifter
(f) Tejaswin Shanker – Athlete
(g) Priyanka Goswami – Athlete
(h) Amit Panghal – Boxing
(i) Dipika pallikal – Squash player
(j) Sima Puniya – Discus thrower
(k) Swapna Barman – Heptathlete
(l) Omprakash – Volleyball player
(m) Neeraj Chopara – Javelin throw
Q. 14 Answer any ten of the following:
(a) In which year the treaty of benaras signed ?
The Treaty of Benaras was signed in 1791. This treaty was an agreement between the British East India Company and the Maratha Empire. The Treaty of Benaras is significant in Indian history as it marked the end of the First Anglo-Maratha War (1775–1782) and established a diplomatic understanding between the British and the Marathas.
(b) Name two Upanishads.
Two Upanishads are –
Isa Upanishad: Also known as the Isha Upanishad, it is one of the shortest and most important Upanishads. It is part of the Shukla Yajurveda and contains profound insights into the nature of the self and the ultimate reality (Brahman).
Mundaka Upanishad: This Upanishad is part of the Atharvaveda and is named after the sage Mundaka. It explores the nature of Brahman, the importance of knowledge (Jnana), and the paths to spiritual realization.
(c) In which inscription Ashoka called himself Magadhiraj ?
In the Minor Rock Edict No. 1, Ashoka mentions his titles, including “Devanampriya” (Beloved of the Gods) and “Magadhiraj” (King of Magadha). It is located at Maski in the Raichur district of Karnataka.
(d) Who is the first Greek writer who wrote about India ?
Megasthenes was the first to write about India. He wrote about India in his book Indica.
(e) Which Mughal Emperor gave the policy of Sulh-i-Kul ?
Akbar introduced the idea of “Sulh-i-Kul”, which means universal peace. Its objective was not to discriminate between people of different religions in Akbar’s kingdom.
(f) Who built ‘Purana Kila’ of Delhi ?
The 16th century Purana Qila (Old Fort) in New Delhi was built by the second Mughal emperor Humayun and Suri Sultan Sher Shah Suri. Humayun built the fort as part of his new city of Dinpanah.
(g) Who led the khilafat movement in India ?
The movement was led by Maulana Muhammad Ali and his brother Shaukat Ali. It was supported by Mahatma Gandhi and the Indian National Congress.
(h) Who said that ‘ the revolt of 1857 was the first war of Independence’ ?
V.D Savarkar called the 1857 revolt the First War of Indian Independence. He wrote a book called “The history of the war of Indian Independence” in which he popularized this term in the year 1909.
(i) Mysore king Tipu Sultan died in which year ?
He was killed on 4 May 1799 while defending his Seringapatam.
(j) Who was called Shah-i-Bekhabar in Indian History ?
Bahadur Shah was also known as Shah-I-Bekhabar. This name was given by Khafi Khan because he liked to appease all parties by profuse grants of titles and rewards.
(k) Who was the executive of Jallianwalla Bagh Massacre ?
General dyer ordered his troopes to order fire on a crowd of non violent protestors to protest against the arrest of the two nationalist leaders, Satya Pal and Dr Saifuddin Kitchlew.
(l) Who started Bhoodan Movement in India ?
The Bhoodan Movement in India was initiated by Acharya Vinoba Bhave.The Bhoodan Movement, also known as the Land Gift Movement, was launched in 1951 with the objective of persuading landowners to voluntarily donate a portion of their land to be distributed among landless peasants.
(m) Who was the mentor of ‘Ajad Hind Fauj’ ?
Rash Behari Bose. He was the founding father of the Indian National Army( Azad Hind Fauz). It was founded on 21st October 1943.
Q. 15 Answer any five of the following.
(a) Why was the Stratchey commission formed ?
The Strachey Commission, officially known as the Royal Commission on Decentralisation in India, was formed in 1907 during British rule. It was named after its chairman, Sir John Strachey. The primary purpose of the commission was to examine and make recommendations on the issues of decentralization of administration in British India.The recommendations of the Strachey Commission, published in its report in 1909.
(b) What dou know about Razia Sultan ?
Razia Sultan was a trailblazing ruler in medieval India, born in 1205. As the daughter of Sultan Iltutmish, she became the first and only woman to ascend the throne of Delhi Sultanate. Razia ruled from 1236 to 1240 and was known for her intelligence, courage, and administrative skills.
(c) Write the names of thr States to which the following dances belong.
(i) Kathakali – Kerala
(ii) Garba – Gujarat
(iii) Kuchipudi – Andhra Pradesh
(iv) Bhangra – Punjab
(d) Write the names of the following.
(i) The first Indian woman to become president of Indian National Congess.
Sarojini Naidu was elected as the President of the Indian National Congress Party in 1925, the first ever woman to assume that position.
(ii) The first woman to get Bhara Ratna?
The first woman to receive the Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian award, was Indira Gandhi. She was honored in 1971.
(iii) The first woman to win WTA title.
On February 12, 2005, Sania Mirza made history by winning her first WTA title at the AP Tourism Hyderabad Open.
(iv) The first woman to recieve Oscar Award.
Janet Gaynor was the first to win the award for best actress in the 1928 edition, the first in the history of the Oscars.
(e) What do you know about Tulsidas ?
Tulsidas was a medieval Indian poet, saint, and philosopher, best known for his epic work “Ramcharitmanas,” a retelling of the Ramayana in the vernacular Awadhi language. Born in the 16th century.
(f) In 2014, which Indian got the Nobel Peace Prize?
In 2014, the Nobel Peace Prize was awarded jointly to Kailash Satyarthi and Malala Yousafzai. Kailash Satyarthi, an Indian child rights activist, and Malala Yousafzai, a Pakistani education advocate, were recognized for their courageous efforts in advocating for children’s rights and education.
(g) Comment on Madam Curie.
Madame Curie, born Marie Skłodowska Curie, was a pioneering physicist and chemist. A two-time Nobel Prize laureate, she conducted groundbreaking research on radioactivity, discovering radium and polonium. Her dedication to science and gender-defying achievements have left an indelible mark, inspiring generations in the fields of physics and chemistry.
Q. 16 Write short notes on any of the four of following.
(a) Jnanpeeth Award
The Jnanpith Award, established in 1961, is one of India’s most prestigious literary honors. Recognizing outstanding contributions to Indian literature, it is presented annually by the Bharatiya Jnanpith organization. Given for excellence in writing across various languages, the award has celebrated luminaries like Munshi Premchand, Rabindranath Tagore, and Vikram Seth.
(b) What is meant by Nalanda University ? when does it get re-established ?
Nalanda University is an ancient center of learning that existed in Bihar, India, from the 5th to the 12th century CE. It was a renowned Buddhist institution, attracting scholars from across Asia. Destroyed in the 12th century by invaders, efforts to revive Nalanda began in the late 19th century. The modern Nalanda University, based on the ancient model, was re-established in 2010. Located in Rajgir, Bihar, it focuses on interdisciplinary studies and aims to be a global hub for academic excellence. The revival seeks to recapture the spirit of the ancient institution as a center for intellectual pursuit and cultural exchange.
(c) G-20 of 2023
The 2023 G20 New Delhi summit was the eighteenth meeting of G20 (Group of Twenty). It was held in Bharat Mandapam International Exhibition-Convention Centre, Pragati Maidan, New Delhi on 9–10 September 2023. It was the first G20 summit held in India
(d) What is meant by Bird ringing Station? Where is to be build in Bihar ?
Bihar is all set to become India’s first state in the north to get a “bird ringing station” for observation, monitoring and research on migratory birds. It is overall the fourth state of India after Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan and Orissa to have bird ringing station.
It will be in Bihar’s Bhgalapur, which is one of the three known breeding places after Cambodia and Assam.
(e) Chandrayaan 3
Chandrayaan-3 is a lunar exploration mission developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).
Chandrayaan-3 launched on July 14, 2023 from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, India.
The spacecraft entered lunar orbit on August 5, 2023. On August 23, 2023, the lander successfully touched down near the lunar south pole.
This made India the fourth country to achieve a soft landing on the moon.
(f) Spanish Flu
The Spanish flu occurred at the end of the First world war. The Spanish flu was the name given to a form of influenza (flu) caused by an H1N1 virus that started in some type of bird (avian origin). The Spanish flu was a pandemic — a new influenza A virus that spread easily and infected people throughout the world. Because the virus was new, very few people, if any, had some immunity to the disease.
Q.17 Following days are obsereved on which day and why ?
(a) UNO Day
United Nations Day is an annual commemorative day, reflecting the official creation of the United Nations on 24 October 1945.
(b) National Science Day (India)
National Science Day is celebrated in India on February 28 each year to mark the discovery of the Raman effect by Indian physicist Sir C. V. Raman on 28.
(c) International Human Rights Day
Human Rights Day is observed by the international community every year on 10 December. It commemorates the day in 1948 the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
(d) Environment day
World Environment Day is observed annually on June 5th to raise global awareness about environmental issues and encourage actions for environmental protection. Established by the United Nations in 1972
(e) Mothers’s Day
Mother’s Day is celebrated and observed on the second Sunday in the month of May. It is celebrated in honour of mothers that is celebrated in countries throughout the world.
(f) Doctor’s Day
National Doctors’ Day is celebrated on 01 July every year in INDIA for the past 32 years (since 1991), honouring the legendary and renowned doctor Bidhan Chandra Roy, a politician, a freedom fighter, and an advocate for education.
(g) International Literary Day
International Literacy Day every year on September 8. The day reminds us of the importance of personal development, literacy, and progress of society.
Q. 18 Answer any of the following.
(a) Who is the chairman of Indian National Film and Television Institute?
R Madhavan has been appointed as the new President of the Film and Television Institute of India (FTII).
(b) Who is the chairman of Rajya Sabha ?
The vice president of India (currently, Jagdeep Dhankhar) is the ex-officio chairman of the Rajya Sabha.
(c) Who is the CEO of Niti Ayog ?
Shri B.V.R. Subrahmanyam joined as Chief Executive Officer of NITI Aayog on 25.02.2023.
(d) Who succeeded President Dr. Sarvapalli Radhakrishanan ?
President Dr. Sarvapalli Radhakrishanan was succeeded by Zakir Husain.
(e) Who was the first Governor of Bihar?
Shri Jairamdas Daulatram was appointed as the first Governor of Bihar after India’s Independence.
(f) Write the name of the first Indian film nominated for Oscar.
Mother India, which was the first Indian film to be nominated for the Oscars.
(g) Name the first Indian Lady Olympian who got medal.
Karnam Malleswari was the first Indian woman to win an Olympic medal. She won a bronze medal in the 2000 Sydney Olympics for weightlifting.
Q.19 Answer any five of the following.
(a) Name the first Indiam woman lawyer who has been apointed as Judge in the Supreme Court of India.
Indu Malhotra is the first woman lawyer to be directly appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court.
(b) Who was Chief Guest of the Republic Day of India, 2023.
India’s Republic Day chief guest was Egypt’s President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi.
(c) Write the new name of the National Rail and Transportation Institute of India.
Gati Shakti Vishwavidyalaya (GSV), formerly National Rail and Transportation Institute, is a central university located in Vadodara, Gujarat, India. GSV is India’s first transport University.
(d) Who is the recipient of Eklavya Purshkar of 2022.
International cyclist Swasti Singh has been honoured with the prestigious 30th Ekalabya Puraskar for the year 2022.
(e) Which State Government is set to divest 49% stake in the power generation Corporation ?
The Odisha government has initiated the process to divest 49 per cent stake in Odisha Power Generation Corporation.
(f) After which TV serial, Manoj Bajpayee became popular ?
After a few unnoticed roles, he played the gangster Bhiku Mhatre in Ram Gopal Varma’s 1998 crime drama Satya, which proved to be a breakthrough.
(g) Who was the last emperor, sat on Takht-e-Taus amongst Mughals?
Muhammad Shah was the last Mughal emperor to sit on the Peacock Throne, also known as Takht-e-Taus.
Q. 20 Write Short notes on any two of the following :
(a) Madhubani Painting
Madhubani painting, also known as Mithila painting, is a traditional art form that originated in the Mithila region of Bihar, India. It is a form of folk art characterized by vibrant colors, intricate patterns, and thematic depictions. Key features of Madhubani painting include:
- Themes: Madhubani paintings often depict scenes from Hindu mythology, nature, religious rituals, and social events. The themes are deeply rooted in the cultural and religious practices of the region.
- Colors: Bright and bold colors are a hallmark of Madhubani art. Artists use natural pigments and dyes, creating a visually striking and vivid effect.
- Technique: Madhubani paintings are characterized by intricate geometric patterns and fine lines. Artists use brushes, twigs, and even fingers to create these detailed designs.
- Subjects: Traditionally, Madhubani art was done on walls and floors of homes. Over time, it has evolved, and artists now create paintings on paper, cloth, and other surfaces.
- Styles: There are several styles within Madhubani art, such as Bharni (shading), Katchni (hatching), and Tantrik (depicting gods and goddesses).
Madhubani painting has gained international recognition for its cultural richness and aesthetic appeal. It has become a significant part of the broader Indian art scene, celebrated for its unique style and connection to the cultural heritage of the Mithila region.
(b) Bismillah Khan
Ustad Bismillah Khan (1916–2006) was an iconic Indian shehnai maestro and one of the most renowned classical musicians in the country. Born in Varanasi, he hailed from a family of traditional musicians. Bismillah Khan popularized the shehnai, a traditional Indian wind instrument, and became synonymous with its soulful renditions. He gained international acclaim and received several awards, including the Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian award. Bismillah Khan’s music transcended religious and cultural boundaries, earning him respect and admiration worldwide. His contributions to Indian classical music left an indelible mark, making him a cultural treasure of the nation.
(c) EXIM Policy
the term “EXIM Policy” refers to the Export-Import Policy of a country, often used to describe the trade policies and regulations related to the export and import of goods and services. The Foreign Trade Policy (FTP) serves as the framework for India’s EXIM (Export-Import) Policy.
Key features of India’s EXIM Policy (Foreign Trade Policy):
- Export Promotion: The policy includes various measures to promote exports, such as incentives, duty drawback schemes, and focus on specific sectors for export promotion.
- Import Regulation: It outlines regulations related to the import of goods, including tariffs, customs duties, and restrictions on specific products for economic, environmental, or security reasons.
- Trade Facilitation: The policy aims to simplify trade procedures, reduce transaction costs, and enhance the ease of doing business in international trade.
- Incentives and Schemes: Various export promotion incentives and schemes, such as the Merchandise Exports from India Scheme (MEIS) and Services Exports from India Scheme (SEIS), are part of the policy to encourage exports.
- SEZ (Special Economic Zone): The policy includes provisions for Special Economic Zones, which are designated areas aimed at promoting exports and economic growth by providing certain fiscal and regulatory incentives.
- Focus on MSMEs: There is a specific focus on Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) to encourage their participation in international trade.
Please note that the specifics of the EXIM Policy can change with each revision, and it’s important to refer to the latest Foreign Trade Policy or updates from relevant authorities for the most accurate and current information.